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다문화와 교육(Journal of Multiculture and Education), Vol.5 no.2 (2020)
pp.1~13

DOI : 10.31041/JME.2020.5.2.001

Educational Changes in Multinational Caucasian People

Ali Shamil

(Azerbaijan National Academy of Science, Azerbaijan)

Caucasia is a region, situated at intersection of Europe and Asia. Nations living here are different from each other about language, religion and ethnic root. They talk in more than fifty languages. As the region is situated, on strategic position the empires, established here, fought to invade the region. The educational problem of the nations, belonging to different cultures, solved within the principle of voluntariness. Religion organizations were leading on education. Jews studied at synagogue, Christians at church and Muslims at madrasah. Until the invasion of Russia, I mean, until 19th century, no one was educated compulsory, also there was no religion or nationally conflict among these nations at this region until 20th century. Russia, who wanted to follow the tradition of European countries, began to teach the sons of nobles-dvorians to create a support point in Caucasia after the occupation of region. Parents, whose children spoke in Russian, the European type schools were free of tax. These schools were missionary as well. Russia pursued a policy of Christianization and after Russianization policy. Despite the missionarism, pupils studied in these schools, became the patriots. After the collapse of Russia Empire on 1917, slavery countries became the establishing under the leadership of intellectuals, who had graduated these schools. The Bolsheviks, after strengthening the economically and military, began to recover the empire again. Bolsheviks began to abolish the new established governments by attacking. Despite Bolsheviks valued education, they used it for their benefit to propagate their ideology among the people. Russianization policy was implemented under the internationalization, the culture of exploited people, was assimilated and isolated from the developed countries. Fourteen republics declared their independence, when the Soviet Union collapsed on 1991 – a big differences happened on education as well. Engineers, teachers, doctors and etc. were taught the ideological education at universities during Soviet Union as well. After the collapse of Soviet Union, the teaching of ideological subjects cancelled in education. Students of independent governments began to get the education in different countries of world. The Finnish system was introduced in Azerbaijani education. Thousands of students went not only to Europe and America; in addition, they went to Korea, Japan, China and Malaysia to study there. They turned back with a culture, science of those countries. Thus, new form of integration appeared in Azerbaijan.

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